Septer 2024 used a ferret model to assess if vaccine-induced NA immunity could disrupt transmission of the 2009 pH1N1 virus. Results showed that 2009 pH1N1 virus transmitted efficiently through chains of transmission in the presence of NA immunity, although NA-vaccinated animals shed significantly less virus and had accelerated viral clearance, demonstrating that vaccine-induced NA immunity is not sufficient to prevent infection via airborne exposure and onward airborne transmission of 2009 pH1N1 virus.
Hu 2023 conducted a comprehensive investigation on H3N2 influenza vaccine reference viruses and circulating viruses using a ferret model to address the contributions of HA stability to vaccine reference virus selection and pandemic risk assessment.
Belser 2022 used the ferret transmission model to conduct a multicenter standardization exercise to improve the interpretation of influenza transmission data generated during risk assessment activities.
Pulit-Penaloza 2022 used the ferret model to assess the pathogenesis and transmission capability of four genetically and antigenically diverse swine A(H1) IAVs isolated from humans between 2017 and 2020.